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Poland Debt to GDP Ratio

Poland's debt-to-GDP ratio rose to 55.1% in 2024, marking its highest point since 2020. This increase follows a ratio of 49.5% in 2023. The primary drivers for this rise were elevated government expenditures on defense and infrastructure projects. A widening general government deficit which reached 6.6% of GDP in 2024 compared to 5.3% in 2023, also contributed to debt accumulation. Lower value-added tax revenues further exacerbated the deficit. Poland's record low debt to GDP was 36.4% in 2000 and record high was 57.2% in 2020.

Yearly Historical Data (1995-2024)

(in %)
Year Debt to GDP Ratio
2024 55.1%
2023 49.5%
2022 49.2%
2021 53.6%
2020 57.2%
2019 45.7%
2018 48.7%
2017 50.8%
2016 54.5%
2015 51.3%
2014 51.4%
2013 57.1%
2012 54.8%
2011 55.1%
2010 54%
2009 49.8%
2008 46.7%
2007 44.5%
2006 47.3%
2005 46.6%
2004 45.1%
2003 46.6%
2002 41.7%
2001 37.3%
2000 36.4%
1999 38.9%
1998 38.4%
1997 42.2%
1996 42.3%
1995 47.5%
Poland Debt to GDP Ratio : Definition
Government debt to GDP shows Poland's total government debt as a percentage of its Gross Domestic Product. It is calculated by dividing total government debt by GDP. A higher ratio suggests greater difficulty servicing debt.
Indicator Last Value Prior Value Period
Current Account to GDP Ratio 0.3% 1.6% Dec'24
Interest Rate 4.5% 4.75% Oct'25
Private Credit (% GDP) 33.7% 34.71% 2024